Modern (theoretical) PHYSICS seems to be in deep crisis today as many of its core aspects are not empirically well-confirmed. Heated exchanges among physicists on the scientific status of physical theories with little or, at best, a tenuous connection to possible experimental tests is highly visible in the popular scientific literature. Some physicists (e.g., Carroll 2014, 2019; Ijjas et al., 2017) argue that science must discard empirical testability as one of its defining properties and the highly explanatory theories of present-day PHYSICS should be exempted from experimental testing, while others (e.g., Ellis & Silk 2014) spot in these arguments (for softening the testability or falsifiability requirement for modern PHYSICS) a dangerous tendency to undermine science. The philosopher of science who naturally draws most attention in these current debates is Karl Popper (1902-1994). His views, however, are often misrepresented in these debates. The prime objective of this paper is to explain how a more enlightened perspective on the ongoing debates can be obtained by a careful scrutiny of the Popperian criterion of falsifiability. As a first step in achieving this objective we will analyze the two major (conceptual) failures on which the current controversies rest. Our next step will be examining the controversial string theory to see whether the criteria of falsifiability is a ‘blunt instrument’ for determining its scientific status.

Lever, is the deep conceptual and functional with a long history in financial literature, which requires understanding, knowledge, and why is it based on facts. This achievement comes with the knowledge to tackle the financial and development role play, with other sciences such as PHYSICS in the interaction and a new branch of science called PHYSICS to finance was introduced.This Study is the Analytical-Inductive base method diagnoses the historical, philosophical framework to explain the history and nature of the lever and a new approach to identifying and promoting financial sciences.Although the original words were from Archimedes, but the first time was in Iran where it brought up by Ibn Sina in the field of measurement and the concept of comprehensive.And it has roots in the land of Iran. This is confirmed by research evidence that First, Famous Iranian great celebrity, Ibn Sina applied the lever to displace heavy objects as MECHANICS in PHYSICS can be comprehensively and measurable. Second, this concept influence to the finance from PHYSICS. Third, Measurement of leverage on the financial knowledge is the same heavy burden in literature of PHYSICS based on Ibn Sina’s theories which is essential for economic corporation survival and success.

Accurate knowledge of the basic principle of imaging PHYSICS helps better understanding of normal anatomy and pathological imaging findings of the diseases.This is more necessary in advanced imaging techniques like MRI because of the complexity of the basic PHYSICS of the technique. In basic MRI PHYSICS workshop, we discuss about this technique from the primary concepts. The content is very simplified and is showed by slides, animation and easy pictures for better understanding. In the beginning of the lecture, the structure of atoms and their magnetic characteristics are explained and then step by step, we learn how to use this character to produce signal and usages of it to make an image. Also basic pulse sequence will be explained subsequently. This workshop is recommended for all radiologists, residents of radiology, technologists and anyone who wants to know more about MRI.

Hempel's Dilemma is among several arguments posed against physicalism. Physicalists can respond to this dilemma in several ways. The present article aims to analyze Andrew Melnyk and Janice Dowell's responses based on their specific accounts about the conception of the term "physical". Melnyk's account is based upon a scientific realist's approach to natural sciences. We will focus on and discuss about that weather we can adopt such an approach to the present science and in particular the present PHYSICS or not. Dowell, however, defends an account according to witch ideal future PHYSICS should be replaced by an ideal science that has hallmarks of a scientific theory and differs in its subject matter. The author wants to show that these accounts, each one in respect to particular aspects, cannot play the given role in formulation of the physicalism thesis.

The PHYSICS is one of sciences about nature, which investigated objective characteristics of the material world. It investigate the characteristics of environment and common law conformity of all moving of there events. All living and non-living objects what we feeling called as physic bodies or bodies. Mathematic investage the tasks and features of real life. Differential equations theory of relativity and the same tasks is the sraight attributes of space and quantity. The object of investigations of philosophy is the foundation and inner matter of environment and essence. At the everyday life we see more things and we take in account these all things as existences. For this reason, we say: Earth exist, sky exist, human exist and I have affirmed all existent things. But considering the means of environment occuring the necessity to investigate thia object and its attributes. The sciences, which investigate the characteristics of this object, are the PHYSICS and metaPHYSICS. Some science learning the phenomens and being autside of PHYSICS has the wrong perception. The metaPHYSICS or philosophy mean about essences which are free from conventionalities. This science does not investigate transPHYSICS phenomenes and other events which we called as “non material essences” For this reason consider the conception “essence” in spesial or narrow frame aspects has deprived of metaPHYSICS its true places into row of sciences.

In this research, we introduce fundamental hypergroups and dependent hypergroups then we investigate a connection between hypergroup theory and nuclear PHYSICS and fundamental particles. We show that interaction process such as Lepton actions in fundamental particle PHYSICS and nuclear fusion Stars forms a fundamental hypergroup.

Algebraic hyperstructures theory is a natural extension of the classical ‎ ‎ algebraic structures ‎. Because of importance and new viewpoints in this theory, we try to apply this theory to the elementary particle PHYSICS and nuclear PHYSICS presenting the definitions and the concepts of the algebraic hyperstructures. In this work we intend to use this new branch of mathematics to describe the interaction between leptons in the elementary particle PHYSICS and the fusion processes in the nuclear PHYSICS.